Appendix C – Glossary

blotter

a paper disk placed between grinding wheel and retaining flange, often marked with wheel type and speed rating

boring

a machining process that enlarges a round hole using a single point cutting tool

chamfer

usually a 45 degree angle machined on the start of a bore or a shaft to allow for ease of assembly

computer numerical control (CNC)

the control of a machine using coded instructions from a programmer or an operator

conventional (machines)

manually controlled machines

counterbore

enlarging the end of a previously created hole, usually to accept a Socket Head Cap Screw (SHCS)

countersink

creating a tapered hole on the end of an existing hole to accommodate a tapered head screw

drill press

a machine used to produce holes in workpieces; reaming, tapping, spot facing and countersinking can also be performed on drill presses

grinder

a machine that removes material from workpieces using abrasives

heat treatment

the heating and cooling of metals to modify their mechanical properties

knurling

using a tool to produce a pattern on the diameter of a workpiece in a lathe

lathe

a machine that holds and rotates the workpiece; a cutting tool is moved on ways to cut cylindrical, tapered or threaded features on a workpiece

Machinery’s Handbook

a reference book used by the mechanical engineering disciplines such as engineers, tool and die makers and machinists

mill

a machine that holds the workpiece while a rotating cutter with single or multiple cutting edges cut surfaces and contours

saw

a machine used to cut material using a multi-tooth blade

spot facing

a machining operation that creates a flat surface at 90° to a hole

tapping

creating internal threads using a cutting or forming tool called a tap