an accessory attached or designed to be attached to a machine
aggregates
broad category of coarse particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic aggregates
bedding
material placed under and around pipe for support and protection
chuck blades
blade attachment on the end of an excavator boom
cycle time
time it takes to accomplish a task such as moving bucket out of a ditch and back again
falling objects protective structure (FOPS)
heavy duty structure for protection of the machine operator from falling objects. Usually has four posts and a strong roof
floatation mats
device, usually made of wood, used to help machinery travel over soft ground
hoppers
storage bin or a funnel that is loaded from the top, and discharges through a door or chute in the bottom
lifts
materials placed in layers
locate sheet
document from utility authorities which provides the location of underground utilities such as gas, sewer and electrical
logbook
book of documented history of maintenance and inspections done on a piece of equipment
mass excavation
large cavity formed by removing material by cutting, digging or scooping
pile
small assemblage of material
proctor test
test to measure density of compacted soils
riparian zone
areas that surround water bodies in the watershed that are composed of moist to saturated soils, water-loving plant species and their associated ecosystems
roll over protective structure (ROPS)
roll bar or similar device to help protect the driver in case the machine tips over
stockpile
supply of materials such as aggregates, wood or other materials, gathered and held in reserve for use
swell factors
increase of bulk in soil or rock when it is dug or blasted
thumbs
device on an excavator stick to assist in holding material in bucket such as rocks, wood, brush and stumps
trench box
engineered steel or aluminum structures that are used to help protect workers who work inside trenches
vibratory hammer
device used to compact soil
weights
ballast added to the tractor or implement to improve balance, traction, stability or digging force
